Strategies to use the existing transportation network more efficiently through pricing, incentives, and other mechanisms can substantially reduce energy use and carbon emissions. Providing options to meet personal needs without the need to travel (“the trip not taken”) through telecommuting, online shopping, and mobile delivery of services, can also greatly reduce travel demand.

Studies of travel demand management tools such as congestion pricing, pay-as-you-drive insurance, and employee benefits for non-automobile travel show these strategies could reduce total vehicle miles traveled by 10 percent or more.

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