The movement of freight is a critical component of the U.S. transportation system which delivers economic benefits across multiple sectors. Yet freight transportation is not well understood and the topic is often separated from other transportation issues. Many opportunities exist to improve the freight system in the United States through increased efficiency.

The use of innovative technology solutions is decreasing locomotive emissions while improving fuel efficiency. Instead of using one large single engine, a set of two (or more) smaller, more efficient diesel engines and generators are used. Engines cycle on and off when needed, reducing fuel consumption and increasing capacity. A shift from truck to rail freight and increases in rail efficiency can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lead to other environmental, public health, and economic benefits.

A mandate for national fuel efficiency standards for heavy duty trucks, including combination tractors (semi-trucks), is another step toward improving fuel economy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Semi-trucks are an important part of the freight transportation system but a shift toward more rail shipments would free large trucks to make shorter trips from rail hubs to end users. A decrease in cross-state or cross-country trips can reduce highway and road congestion and decrease travel times.

Policies are needed to address the wide range of inefficiencies found in all modes of freight transportation.

Related Stories